Scientists find immune cell linked to long COVID fatigue and symptoms
SARS-CoV-2 crossreactive B-cells outnumber seasonal coronavirus spike-specific clones at the end of the COVID-19 pandemic
Unbiased characterization of COVID-19 endotypes leads to prognostication of high-risk individuals using routine blood tests
Antigenic drift: Understanding COVID-19
Frontiers | Association of SARS-CoV-2 infection with long-lasting increase in circulating IL-32 levels
SARS-CoV-2 may leave a long-lasting population imprint - not a dramatic cytokine storm, but a quiet, low-grade, atypically regulated inflammatory background. One measurable signal of this may be the cytokine IL-32
Longitudinal gene expression analysis in COVID-19 sepsis highlights dynamic immune, cellular, and metabolic dysfunction in high severity patients
COVID-19 Alters Host RNA, Disables Immune Response
Long-term immune and epigenetic dysregulation following COVID-19
LONG-TERM post-single-COVID-19 infection immune alterations are heterogeneous, with distinct PACS clinical phenotypes driven by varying immunological mechanisms across epigenetic (DNA regulatory), transcriptomic (gene expression), and protein (cytokine) levels.
SARS-CoV-2 Leaves a Lasting Mark on the Immune System
One study found a single Omicron wave caused persistent immune damage, with CVD patients losing up to 70% of key immune cells 20 months later.
The findings reframe COVID-19 as an immune-modifying pathogen, stressing that reinfection prevention is crucial.
SARS-CoV-2 Epigenetic Memory Effects
“SARS-CoV-2 causes lasting epigenetic "scars" that reprogram the immune system, driving chronic inflammation and Long COVID.
Emerging "epidrug" therapies aim to reverse these marks and restore health.”
Persistent Attenuation of Lymphocyte Subsets After Mass SARS-CoV-2 Infection
SARS-CoV-2 causes lasting immune dysregulation for over 20 months.
SARS-CoV-2 causes lasting immune dysregulation for over 20 months.
Frontiers | T-cell exhaustion in COVID-19: what do we know?
T-cell exhaustion in COVID-19: what do we know?
Glycan recognition by collectin-11 drives SARS-CoV-2 infectivity and membrane injury of respiratory epithelial cells
“These insights provide a strong rationale for CL-11 blockade to reduce SARS-CoV-2 infection and injury of the respiratory tract.”
SARS-CoV-2 awakens ancient retroviral genes and the expression of proinflammatory HERV-W envelope protein in COVID-19 patients
“Patients with COVID-19 may develop abnormal inflammatory response, followed in some cases by severe disease and long-lasting syndromes. We show here that in vitro exposure to SARS-CoV-2 activates the expression of the human endogenous retrovirus (HERV) HERV-W proinflammatory envelope protein (ENV) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from a subset of healthy donors, in ACE2 receptor and infection-independent manner.”
The Kaposi’s Sarcoma Spike
China allows use of HIV drug for adults with Covid-19
COVID-19 Hijacking of the Host Epigenome: Mechanisms, Biomarkers and Long-Term Consequences
COVID hacks our gene switches, worsening infection and sparking long(-term) COVID inflammation.
➡️"There is a growing body of evidence pointing towards the diverse roles of epigenetic alterations in COVID-19 severity." ➡️"The pathogenesis of COVID-19 extends far beyond the initial viral infection, revealing a complex and dynamic interplay between SARS-CoV-2 and the host."
I checked labs on a young patient this am who I suspected was immune damaged after the last five years
“I checked labs on a young patient this am who I suspected was immune damaged after the last five years
His immune cells looked like it was HIV/AIDS, yet he was HIV negative
I am doing this weekly. No other doctor in the hospital is checking
This is why I sounded the alarm a few weeks ago
PCPs must brush up on immunology”
Frontiers | Distinct characteristics of T cell receptor repertoire associated with the SARS-CoV-2 reinfection
New research shows SARS2 reinfection doesn’t “boost” your immunity - it narrows it. Each infection further imprints and restricts your T-cell diversity, making your immune response less adaptable over time.
Frontiers | Immune cell communication networks and memory CD8+ T cell signatures sustaining chronic inflammation in COVID-19 and Long COVID
Researchers analyzed 73,000 immune cells from COVID-19 patients.
They found that memory CD8+ T cells stay overactive and exhausted long after infection, keeping the immune system in a low-grade inflammatory state that may drive Long COVID.
In vitro complement activation via nucleocapsid and spike proteins of SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 patients
The N protein may play a larger role than spike in severe immune overreactions.
Thread by @1goodtern on Thread Reader App
“Do Covid infections make you vulnerable to other infections, and if so - how, and for how long, and is it getting worse.”
Thread by @AbudBakri on Thread Reader App
“You’re going to see a lot of immune failure and weird infections in young people over the next 5-10 years
It will start to pickup significantly in 2026”
You’re going to see a lot of immune failure and weird infections in young people over the next 5-10 years
It will start to pickup significantly in 2026
Postacute COVID-19 is Characterized by Gut Viral Antigen Persistence in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
SARS-COV2 COVID at least temporarily causes lymphocytopenia (including T cells) immune suppression. The virus has been found to infect CD8 T cells. HIV AIDS is typically defined by CD4 T cell destruction. This study found COVID infected CD8 T cells.
Autoantibodies in long COVID: a systematic review
Plan for a world of post-COVID immune effects
“The average person’s immune system looks different than it did in 2019. We’re walking around with more inflammation, and with immune systems that don’t work quite as well as they did in the beforetimes”
Why scientists are rethinking the immune effects of SARS-CoV-2
Covid weakens your immune system. You are less likely to fight off pathogens and that is why you are “always sick”. '“There has definitely been a change in the character of the immune response since 2019,” says Tim Henrich, immunologist and senior author of the study. “It’s certainly impacting our immune health, and probably our overall health as well.”'
SARS-CoV-2 infection induces ZBP1-dependent PANoptosis in bystander cells | PNAS
Multiple sclerosis and COVID-19: interactions and unresolved issues
“Serious symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 complications are particular concerns for people with multiple sclerosis, especially those receiving immunosuppressants or immunomodulators.”